Network

2003-09-26T20:15:00.000-07:00

2003-08-19T19:56:00.000-07:00

To hide the computer, use NET CONFIG SERVER /HIDDEN:YES.

To bring it back again, NET CONFIG SERVER /HIDDEN:NO.

2003-08-04T04:50:00.000-07:00

Which of the following memory types is used to hold the router IOS image?
A) ROM
B) Flash
C) RAM
D) NVRAM
To check the answer use the link below
http://www.examnotes.net/?action=checkanswer&quest=554f3dbe7e76&test=a640505

2003-07-28T05:23:00.000-07:00

Chapter 5:
In this chapter, you will learn how to start a router for the first time by using the correct commands and startup sequence to do an initial configuration of a router.

Router startup routine

When a Cisco router powers up, it performs a power-on self-test (POST).

It executes diagnostics from ROM on all hardware modules to verify the basic operation of the CPU, memory, and network interface ports.

After verifying the hardware functions, the router proceeds with software initialization.

It loads the bootstrap, the operating system, and a configuration file.

If the router cannot find a configuration file, then it enters setup mode.

If you save the new configuration from setup mode, the router stores a backup copy in NVRAM.

Summary:
To start, the Cisco IOS software startup routines - the POST:

1. Make sure that the router starts with all its hardware.
2. Find and load the Cisco IOS software.
3. Find and apply the configuration

Router startup sequence

After the POST, the router:

Step 1 -- load the bootstrap from the ROM on the CPU card.

A bootstrap is a simple series of instructions to load more elaborate routines into RAM to run the router's configuration and implementation.

Step 2 -- find the operating system (Cisco IOS) in flash, TFTP server or ROM.

The location of the Cisco IOS is determined by the boot field of the configuration register.

Step 3 -- load the operating system image.

Then the operating system locates the hardware and software components and lists the results on the console terminal.

Step 4 -- load the configuration file from NVRAM, or a TFTP server into main memory and executed one line at a time.

These configuration commands start routing processes, supply addresses for interfaces, set media characteristics, and start other services.

Step 5 --load the setup mode (also called The System Configuration Dialog or The Initial Configuration Dialog) if no valid configuration file exists in NVRAM or a TFTP server.

Setup is not intended as the mode for entering complex protocol features in the router. You should use setup to bring up a minimal configuration. Then, use various configuration-mode commands for most router configuration tasks.

Commands related to router startup

show startup-config -- displays the backup configuration files
show running-config -- displays active configuration files
erase startup-config -- deletes the backup configuration file in NVRAM.
reload -- reloads the router, causing it to run through the entire startup process.
setup -- enter setup mode from the privileged EXEC prompt.

Using the setup command

The setup mode brings up quickly a minimal configuration for any router that cannot find its configuration.

Default answers appear in square brackets [ ] following the question. Press the Return/Enter key to use these defaults.

If the system has been previously configured, the currently configured values is the defaults. If you are configuring the system for the first time, the factory defaults will be provided.

If there is no factory default, as in the case of passwords, nothing is displayed after the question mark.

To exit the setup mode without completing the process, press Ctrl+c. Once setup is terminated, all interfaces will be administratively shutdown to prevent false data on the networks until the configuration is complete.

Setting up global parameters

The first global parameter allows you to set the router host name.

Next setting up the various passwords used on the router. You must enter an enable password. Cisco proprietary encryption processes the password characters at "Enter enable secret" prompt. This enhances the security of the password string. Whenever anyone lists the contents of the router configuration file, this enable password appears as a meaningless string of characters.

It recommends that the "enable password" be different from the "enable secret word". The "enable password" is used when no "enable secret word" exists. It is also used when using older versions of the IOS.

All passwords are case sensitive and can be alphanumeric.

Next entering the routing protocols. Whenever yes is answered in response to a prompt, additional questions may appear regarding the protocol.

Then setting up interface parameters with the predetermined configuration values and enter the interface parameters at the prompts.

When you complete the configuration process in setup mode, the screen will display the configuration that you have just created.

Three options are available to close setup mode:
Option 0 returns to the privileged EXEC mode prompt without saving the initial configuration file
Option 1 returns to the beginning of the setup mode without saving the initial configuraiton file
Option 2 saves the initial configuration file to NVRAM.

If option 2 is chosen, the system will be ready to use. If you want to modify the configuration you have just established, you must do the configuration manually.

Enter setup now will display the current router and interface configuration. The setup command does not support many of the advanced features of the router, or features that require a more complex configuration.

2003-07-21T16:26:00.000-07:00

Turn on the tests on thursday
Welton: chapter 1, 2 & 3
Joyce: chapter 1
Pete: chapter 2 & 3

2003-07-20T07:19:00.000-07:00

Terms to look up:
. ARP: Address Resolution Protocol

The router is made up of configurable components and has modes for examining, maintaining, and changing the components.

You can configure a router from many external locations:
. From the console terminal (a computer connected to the router through a console port) during its installation
. Via modem by using the auxiliary port
. From Virtual Terminals 0-4, after it has been installed on the network
. From a TFTP server on the network

Interfaces are network connections on the motherboard or on separate interface modules, through which packets enter and exit a router. When configuring the router you must go through one of these interfaces (console, auxiliary, Ethernet, and serial interfaces).

Internal router configuration components are as follows:
. RAM/DRAM -- stores routing tables, ARP cache, fast-switching cache, packet buffering (shared RAM); provides memory for a router's configuration file while the router is powered;
. NVRAM -- non-volatile RAM stores the router's backup/startup configuration file; NVRAM content is retained during power down or restart
. Flash -- erasable, reprogrammable ROM that holds the operating system image and microcode; Flash memory enables software updates without removing and replacing processor chips; Flash content is retained during power down or restart; Flash memory can store multiple versions of IOS software
. ROM -- contains power-on diagnostics, a bootstrap program, and operating system software; software upgrades in ROM require removing and replacing chips on the router's motherboard

RAM is the working storage in the router
A router uses RAM to store an active configuration file and tables of network maps and routing address lists. You can display the configuration file on a remote or console terminal. A saved version of this file is stored in NVRAM. It is accessed and loaded into main memory each time a router initializes. The configuration file contains global, process, and interface information that directly affects the operation of a router and its interface ports.

Router Modes:
. User EXEC mode -- This is a look-only mode. Limited examination of router. Remote access. Prompt: Router>
. Privileged EXEC mode -- supports the debugging and testing commands, detailed examination of the router, manipulation of configuration files, and access to configuration modes. Prompt: Router#
. Setup mode -- presents an interactive prompted dialog at the console that helps the new user create a first-time basic configuration.
. Global configuration mode -- implements powerful one-line commands that perform simple configuration tasks. Prompt: Router (config)#
. Other configuration modes -- provide more detailed complex multiple-line configurations. Prompt: Router (config-mode)#
. RXBoot mode -- This is the maintenance mode that you can use to recover from a catastrophe like the operating system being accidentally erased from Flash or lost passwords.

Basic commands to determine the current status of a router:
RAM commands:
. show version
. show arp
. show processes
. show protocols
. show memory
. show stacks
. show buffers
. show running-config or show run - most important
. write term - no longer support in future version

Flash Command:
. show flash

NVRAM commands:
. show startup-config or show start - most important
. show config - no longer support in future version

Interface command:
. show interfaces

Gaining access to other routers by using Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)
Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) enables network administrators to access a summary of configurations of other directly-connected routers. CDP runs over a Data Link Layer that connects lower physical media and upper network layer protocols. A data link address is the same as a MAC address. When a Cisco device boots up, CDP starts up automatically, which then allows the device to detect neighboring Cisco devices that are also running CDP.

The primary use of CDP is to discover platforms and protocols on your neighboring devices. Use the show cdp neighbors command to display the CDP neighbor information stored on the local router.

CDP provides information about each CDP neighbor device. Values include the following:
. Device identifiers -- for example, the router's configured host name and domain name (if any)
. Address list -- at least one address for SNMP, up to one address for each supported protocol
. Port identifier -- for example, Ethernet 0, Ethernet 1, and Serial 0
. Capabilities list -- for example, if the device acts as a source route bridge as well as a router
. version -- information such as that provided by the local command show version
. Platform -- the device's hardware platform, e.g. Cisco 7000

Use the command show cdp interface to display the values of the CDP timers, the interface status, and the encapsulation used by CDP for its advertisement and discovery frame transmission.

CDP was designed and implemented as a very simple, low-overhead protocol. A CDP frame can be small yet retrieve a lot of useful information about neighboring routers. You use the command show cdp entry {device name} to display a single cached CDP entry. Notice that the output from this command includes all the Layer 3 addresses present in the neighbor router.

You use the command show cdp neighbors to display the CDP information cached on the local router. Notice that for each local port, the display shows the following:

Neighbor device ID
Local port type and number
Decremental hold-time value, in seconds
Neighbor device capability code
Neighbor hardware platform
Neighbor remote port type and number

To display information of show cdp neighbors as well as information like that from show cdp entry, you use the optional show cdp neighbors detail.

The most common problems that occur on IP networks result from errors in the addressing scheme. It is important to test your address configuration before continuing with further configuration steps. telnet, ping, traceroute, show ip route, show interfaces and debug are commands that allow you to test your network.

Testing the Application layer by using Telnet
Using Telnet to connect to a remote router is another way of evaluating its status. Telnet allows you to verify the application-layer software between source and destination stations. This is the most complete test mechanism available. A router can have up to five simultaneous incoming Telnet sessions.

the telnet command provides a virtual terminal so administrators can use Telnet operations to connect with other routers running TCP/IP.

If we can Telnet to one router but not to another router, it is likely that the Telnet failure is caused by specific addressing, naming, or access permission problems. These problems can exist on your router or on the router that failed as a Telnet target. The next step is to try ping. This command lets you test end-to-end at the Network layer.

Testing the Network layer using the ping command
Many network protocols support an echo protocol, to determine whether protocol packets are being routed. The ping command sends a packet to the destination host and then waits for a reply packet from that host. Results from this echo protocol can help evaluate the path-to-host reliability, delays over the path, and whether the host can be reached or is functioning.

The exclamation points "!" indicate each successful echo. If you receive one or more periods "." instead of exclamations on your display, the application on your router timed out waiting for a given packet echo from the ping target. You can use the ping user EXEC command to diagnose basic network connectivity. The ping uses the ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol).

Testing the network layer with the traceroute command
The traceroute or trace command is the ideal tool for finding where data is being sent in your network. The traceroute command is similar to the ping command, except that instead of testing end-to-end connectivity, traceroute tests each step along the way. This operation can be performed at either the user or privileged EXEC levels.

The traceroute command works by using the error message generated by the routers when a packet exceeds its time-to-live (TTL) value. Using the returned data from the traceroute command, you can determine where the data path breaks down. You will then know which router to check for the problem. This is called fault isolation and is one of the important steps in troubleshooting.

If one of these routers had been unreachable, you would have seen three asterisks (*) instead of the name of the router. The traceroute command terminates when the destination responds, when the maximum TTL is exceeded, or when the user interrupts with the Ctrl-Shift-6 escape sequence.

Testing the network layer with the show ip route command
Use the show ip route command to determine whether a routing table entry exists for the target network. If a route to a network does not exist in the routing table, then the traceroute will not be able to send out the packet to even the next router. This can be misunderstood as a connectivity issue with neighboring routers. Connectivity is tested by pinging or tracing to the neighboring router.

Using the show interfaces serial command to test the physical and data link layers
One of the most important elements of the show interfaces serial command output is display of the line and data link protocol status.

The line status is triggered by a Carrier Detect signal, and refers to the physical layer status.
The line protocol, triggered by keepalive frames, refers to the data link framing.

If the line is down this indicates that the router is not sensing Carrier Detect. This is a physical layer issue indicating that it cannot detect the device to which it is supposed to be attached.

The line protocol being down (with line up) is a data link layer issue. This is an indication that the device on the other end of the circuit is being detected but they cannot communicate with keepalives or data packets. This is usually a configuration issue between the two routers such as wrong Layer 2 protocol or the absence of a clock rate.

Serial1 is up, line protocol is up : Operational
Serial1 is up, line protocol is down : Connection problem
Serial1 is down, line protocol is down : Interface problem
Serial1 is administratively down, line protocol is down : Disabled

The show interfaces and clear counters commands
The router tracks statistics that provide information about the interface. You use the show interfaces command to display the statistics. The statistics reflect router operation since the last time the counters were cleared. Use the clear counters command to reset the counters to 0. By starting from 0, you get a better picture of the current status of the network.

The debug privileged EXEC command starts the console display of the network events specified in the command parameter. Use the terminal monitor command to forward debug output to your Telnet session terminal. Use the undebug all command (or no debug all) to turn debugging off when you no longer need it.

Substantial debugging on a busy network will slow down the router's operation significantly. Do not leave debugging turned on; use it to diagnose a problem, and then turn it off.

2003-07-17T08:58:00.000-07:00

For Friday July 18
William chapter 1, 2, 3
Yolanda chapter 1, 2, 3
Renee chapter 1
Howard chapter 5,6

2003-07-14T19:37:00.000-07:00

Resource for lab 2.2.2
Routing basics
General information on routers
2500 series routers
1600 series routers
Terms and acronyms
IP routing protocol IOS command summary
Cisco Router Configuration Tutorial

2003-07-12T07:32:00.000-07:00

Chapter 3:
you can access the router via a terminal or remotely through a telnet session

For security purposes, the router has two levels of access to commands
User mode --Typical tasks include those that check the router status. In this mode, router configuration changes are not allowed.
Privileged mode --Typical tasks include those that change the router configuration.

user mode prompt commands are a subset of the commands available at the privileged level. These commands allow you to display information (show) but do not allow any changes to the router configuration settings

At the ">" prompt, type "enable". At the "password" prompt, enter the password that has been set with the "enable secret" command. Once you have completed the login steps, the prompt changes to a # (pound sign) because you are now in the privileged mode.

To logout of the router, type exit.

A ? (question mark) displays a list of commands. The screen displays 22 lines at one time. The "--More--" indicates that multiple screens are available. Pressing the space bar to view the next available screen. To display just the next line, press the Return key. Press any other key to return to the prompt.

Press Ctrl-P (or the up arrow) to repeat the previous command entry automatically. Then add a space and a question mark (?) to reveal the additional arguments.

It places a ^ where the error occurred

To disable enhanced editing mode, type terminal no editing at the privileged mode prompt.

Ctrl + A: return to the beginning of the line
Ctrl + Z: undo

By default, the command history is enabled and the system records 10 command lines in its history buffer. To change the number of command lines the system records during a terminal session, use the terminal history size or the history size command. The maximum number of commands is 256.

2003-07-11T04:17:00.000-07:00

You are asked by your supervisor as being the Cisco CCNA for your company, how Ethernet Collisions work. You are asked what part of Ethernet makes collision detection work and how does Ethernet tell receiving stations that a frame is coming?
Select one answer:
A) Preamble
B) Frame Type 802.4
C) Ethertype
D) Frame Collision Metrics
To check the answer click on the link below
http://www.examnotes.net/?action=checkanswer&quest=a683bc7314cd&test=ccna

What must be installed on the network to allow the passing of data based on the TCP/IP address in the data frame?
A) A bridge
B) A level 2 switch
C) A router
D) A gateway
To check the answer click on the link below
http://www.examnotes.net/?action=checkanswer&quest=ceff18b0729d&test=acore

Given the following IP address and Subnet mask answer the following:
IP address 190.10.10.1
Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0
What class of IP address is it?
A) Class A
B) Class B
C) Class C
D) Class D
To check the answer click on the link below
http://www.examnotes.net/?action=checkanswer&quest=49191868d144&test=aos

You are tasked with addressing a 10 unassigned Network Hosts and its default Gateway on a brand new remote segment. You are given the following numbers:
192.168.1.0 / 24
Default Gateway: 192.168.1.52
Can this be used on the network you are asked to configure?

A) Yes, It is correct and will work
B) No, wrong Subnet mask
C) No, wrong Default Gateway
D) No, you must have a 16-bit mask for a Class B network
To check the answer click on the link below
http://www.examnotes.net/?action=checkanswer&quest=fb7274605112&test=network

2003-07-10T21:07:00.000-07:00

Chapter 2:

WAN operates on physical and data link layers. It interconnects LANs separated by large geographic areas.

WAN devices: routers, switches, modems, communication servers
WAN technologies: HDLC, PPP, Frame Relay, ISDN

HDLC: High-Level Data Link Control
PPP: Point-to-Point Protocol
ISDN: Integrated Service Digital Network

High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) -- an IEEE standard. HDLC supports both point-to-point and multipoint configurations with minimal overhead.
Frame Relay -- uses high-quality digital facilities; utilizes simplified framing with no error correction mechanisms, which means it can send Layer 2 information much more rapidly than other WAN protocols
Link Access Procedure Balanced (LAPB) -- a data link protocol used by X.25; has extensive error checking capabilities
Link Access Procedure D-channel (LAPD) -- the WAN data link protocol used for signaling and call setup on an ISDN D-channel. Data transmissions take place on the ISDN B channels

WAN physical layer protocols describe how to provide electrical, mechanical, operational, and functional connections for WAN services

WAN data link protocols describe how frames are carried between systems on a single data link including protocols for dedicated point-to-point, multipoint, and multi-access switched services such as Frame Relay.

The WAN physical layer describes the interface between the data terminal equipment (DTE) and the data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE). Typically, the DCE is the service provider and the DTE is the attached device.

Circuit-Switched Services

POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) -- not a computer data service; a model of an incredibly reliable, easy-to-use, wide-area communications network; typical medium is twisted-pair copper wire
Narrowband ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) -- a versatile, widespread, historically important technology; was the first all-digital dial-up service; cost is moderate; maximum bandwidth is 128 kbps for the lower cost BRI (Basic Rate Interface) and about 1.5 Mbps for the PRI (Primary Rate Interface); typical medium is twisted-pair copper wire.

Packet-Switched Services
X.25 -- an older technology, but still widely used; has extensive error-checking capabilities but limits its bandwidth; bandwidth may be as high as 2 Mbps; usage is fairly extensive; cost is moderate; typical medium is twisted-pair copper wire
Frame Relay -- a packet-switched version of Narrowband ISDN; more efficient than X.25; maximum bandwidth is 44.736 Mbps; 56kbps and 384kbps are extremely popular in the U.S.; cost is moderate to low; Typical media include twisted-pair copper wire and optical fiber

Cell-Switched Services
ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) -- closely related to broadband ISDN; becoming an increasingly important WAN (and even LAN) technology; uses small, fixed length (53 byte) frames to carry data; maximum bandwidth is currently 622 Mbps, though higher speeds are being developed; typical media are twisted-pair copper wire or optical fiber; usage is widespread and increasing; cost is high
SMDS (Switched Multimegabit Data Service) -- closely related to ATM, and typically used in MANs (Metropolitan Area Network); maximum bandwidth is 44.736 Mbps; typical media are twisted-pair copper wire or optical fiber; usage not very widespread; cost is relatively high

A router is a special purpose computer dedicated to routing, selecting the best paths and managing the switching of packets between two different networks. Computers need operating systems to run software applications, routers need the Internetworking Operating Software (IOS) to run configuration files.

RAM - volatile RAM
NVRAM - nonvolatile RAM
Flash -- erasable, reprogrammable ROM

The Semester 2 lab topology is an enterprise WAN for a medium-sized company with offices around the world. It is not connected to the Internet; it is the company's private network. It is not redundant -- a failure of any router along the chain will break the network. This network of networks, under a common administration (the company) is called an autonomous system.

Internal routers -- internal to one area
Area border routers -- connect two or more areas
Backbone routers -- primary paths for traffic that is most often sourced from, and destined for, other networks
Autonomous system (AS) boundary routers -- communicate with routers in other autonomous systems

Do interactive labs 2.2.3

2003-07-08T21:56:00.000-07:00

http://www.microsoft.com/sql/evaluation/trial/default.asp

2003-07-07T05:10:00.000-07:00

LAN Devices: Bridges, hubs, switches, routers
LAN technologies: Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI
LAN Media: Coaxial, fiber-optic, unshielded twisted pair

3 wiring standards:
10BASE2 (thin Ethernet) -- coaxial cable up to 185 meters long
10BASE5 (thick Ethernet) -- coaxial cable up to 500 meters long
10BASE-T -- Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cable runs up to 100 meters long

Ethernet LAN is a Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) network
If collision occurs, the node will attempt to transmit fifteen times before it gives up.

IOS: Internetwork Operating System
ARP: Address Resolution Protocol
ARIN: American Registry for Internet Numbers

5.4.6 A transceiver is a combination of transmitter and receiver. In networking applications, this means that they convert one form of signal to another form. For example, many networking devices come with an auxiliary unit interface (AUI) and a transceiver that allows a 10BASE2, 10BASE5, 10BASE-T, or 10BASE-FX to be connected to the port. A common application is the conversion of AUI ports to RJ-45 ports. They are Layer 1 devices. They transmit from one pin configuration and/or media to another. Transceivers are often built into NICs, which are typically considered Layer 2 devices. Transceivers on NICs are called signaling components, which means they encode signals onto the physical medium.

10.4.1
Class A: 0-126 > 2^24 - 2 = 16,777,214 IP addresses - start with 0
Class B: 128-191 > 2^16 - 2 = 65,534 IP addresses - start with 10
Class C: 192-223 > 2^8 - 2 = 254 IP addresses - start with 110

Network address: i.e. 176.10.0.0
Broadcast address: i.e. 176.10.255.255

Subnet: extended network prefix
minimum number of bits can be borrowed is 2
maxium number of bits can be borrowed is host number -2.

Chapter 2:

A WAN operates at the physical layer and the data link layer. It interconnects LANs separated by large geographic areas.

2003-07-06T10:21:00.000-07:00

Computing.net is defintely a great help to find answers about windows 2000

2003-07-06T10:18:00.000-07:00

To access System Configuration Utility including the start up menu, type "msconfig" to run. Somehow I tend to forget this this simple command constantly so writing it down would definitely help.

2003-06-15T19:28:00.000-07:00

Which one should I pursue? MCSE, MCSA, or MCP?

2003-06-15T19:25:00.000-07:00

[MCSE / 70-210]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rocky is having trouble with his windows 200o professional machine. He
decides to call the help desk. Clubber answers the phone and listens to
Rocky' description of the issue - don't you wish you were there! Rocky
informs Clubber that his machine cannot ping other machines on the network
by name, but that it can ping them by IP address. What is Clubber's
assumption of the problem?

A) The DHCP server is down
B) The DNS server is down
C) The WINS server is down
D) The RIS server is down

Use this link to answer question
http://www.qod.to/52/6f26d01519141316/3022/418f0765009dafc2

2003-06-06T20:57:00.000-07:00

Get rid of hidden virii & startups

"How to stop virii from autorunning on startup and get rid of those hidden startup programs that are hogging all your resources."

Go to the start menu and click run. Type "msconfig". You can then view what is started under the startup tab. Which is normally hidden in the registry. It is also a very easy way to edit the win.ini, system.ini, autoexec.bat, config.sys, and more. Hope this helps free some resources and kill those virii.
http://infocenter.cramsession.com/TechLibrary/GetHtml.asp?ID=283&GetDes=&CatID=312

2003-06-06T19:48:00.000-07:00

Internet Explorer 5.0 Administrator's Kit

Oracle 9i: DBA Fundamentals II
Oracle 8.0 DBA
Oracle 8i SQL and PL/SQL
Oracle 8.0 SQL-PL/SQL
Oracle 8i Network Administration
Oracle 8i Architecture and Administration
Oracle 8i Backup and Recovery
Oracle 8 Backup and Recovery
Oracle 7.3 DBA
Oracle 8i Performance Tuning
Administering Microsoft SQL Server 2000

Networking Essentials
Windows XP Professional
Windows 2000 Professional Windows 2000 Server
Designing Security for a Windows 2000 Network
Implementing and Administering Windows 2000 Directory Services Infrastructure
Windows 2000 Network Infrastructure
Designing a Windows 2000 Network Infrastructure
Designing a Windows 2000 Directory Services Infrastructure
Managing a Microsoft Windows 2000 Network Environment
Managing a Microsoft Windows 2000 Network Environment

MOS Access 2000
MOS PowerPoint 2000
MOS Outlook 2000
MOS Excel 2000
MOS Excel 2000 Expert
MOS Word 2000
MOS Word 2000 Expert

CIW Site Designer
CIW Perl Fundamentals
CIW Application Developer
CIW JavaScript Fundamentals
CIW E-Commerce Designer
CIW Server Administrator
CIW Security Professional Version 4
CIW Foundations

Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert
Cisco CCNA 2.0
Cisco CCNA
Server +
Web Authoring and Publishing